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Flatulence: everything you need to know about farting

Reading Time: 5 minutes

Flatulence or farting is a perfectly normal part of our lives.

Yet, farting is associated with a lot of embarrassment and discomfort 😳.

But it shouldn’t be this way, as deep shame often keeps people from seeking help for serious health issues, causing unnecessary suffering.

Thankfully, knowledge about the topic can reduce embarrassment!

Therefore, to make you feel more comfortable with this topic in the future, we will tell you everything you need to know about flatulence below.

What causes flatulence?

An average person produces roughly 2 litres of intestinal gas per day and passes gas about 14 to 20 times.

Gas collects in two ways:

  1. You swallow air during eating and drinking, which then travels to the intestines.

    The faster you drink and eat, the more air you swallow. Excessive air is later expelled through the mouth, i.e. by belching or burping, or through the rectum, i.e. by farting or passing gas.

    In addition, smoking, drinking through a straw, and chewing gum may also cause you to swallow more air than normal.

  2. Your gut bacteria break down food in the large intestine, creating gas.

    Undigested food passes from the small intestine to the large intestine where it is broken down by bacteria. As a result of this, gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and methane are produced.

    Foods that cause excessive flatulence include carbohydrate- and polysaccharide-rich foods, such as beans, cabbage, whole-grain foods, fruits and vegetables.

What is the difference between flatulence and bloating?

In everyday language, the words “bloating” and “flatulence” are often used interchangeably, although, in reality, they refer to two different symptoms.

Bloating refers to pain, discomfort and a sense of fullness in the upper abdomen (area above the belly button and below the rib cage).

Bloating is caused by hormones, stress or inflammation in the upper intestines.

Flatulence, on the other hand, refers to excess gas in the lower abdomen (below the belly button) that stretches the intestines as it travels, resulting in sharp, stabbing pain.

Unpassed gas may cause bloating, but not vice versa.

Why do farts smell bad?

Interestingly, only about 1% of all farts actually smell bad.

Smelly farts can be blamed on gut bacteria that produce sulphur-containing compounds when breaking down food.

In addition, several other factors also contribute to foul-smelling flatulence:

  • Slow-digesting and non-digesting fibre-rich foods.

    These kinds of foods take a long time to digest and since they stay in the intestines for a significant amount of time, they eventually start to ferment, causing the bad smell.

    Many plant-based foods also contain sulphur which contributes to the distinctive and pungent smell profile.

    What to do?

    Did you eagerly start eating large amounts of fibre and plant-based foods and your stomach can’t handle digesting them all at once?

    In such a case, a simple reduction in portions should help, after which you can slowly start increasing the portions again week by week.

  • Food intolerances.

    Smelly gas is also produced if you are hypersensitive to certain types of food or if your stomach cannot digest that type of food at all.

    For example, in the case of lactose intolerance, the body is unable to digest lactose, a type of sugar found in milk and dairy products. Since lactose is not broken down in the body, it is fermented by bacteria, as a result of which the foul smell is produced.

    Coeliac disease is the most difficult form of intolerance where the body cannot digest gluten. Continued gluten consumption with coeliac disease will eventually lead to inflammation, stomach ulcers, and malnutrition due to the complete loss of intestinal villi that are necessary for the absorption of nutrients.

    If you have reason to believe that you may be suffering from a food intolerance, start by taking a food intolerance test and then determine the next steps based on its results.

  • Medicinal products.

    Some medications may also be the culprits causing smelly farts.

    For instance, antibiotics kill all bacteria in the gut, including good bacteria, and this, in turn, slows down digestive processes, causing food to ferment in the intestines for a long time.

    If flatulence starts to affect your daily activities, contact your doctor to discuss changing your medication – stopping the treatment on your own may actually worsen your condition.

  • Constipation.

    In the case of constipation, stool builds up in the colon and is difficult to pass due to its dry and hard composition.

    The buildup of stool in the colon is an ideal breeding ground for bacteria which give off foul-smelling and painful gas.

    As a temporary measure, over-the-counter laxatives can provide relief, but it is important not to overuse them as the body’s dependence on them will only intensify the problem long term, making the bowel lazy and unable to push the stool out on its own.

    If you suffer from constipation on a regular basis, follow the recommendations provided in this blog post.

  • Colorectal cancer.

    Though not very common, smelly gas may also be caused by colorectal cancer (also called colon or bowel cancer).

    Colorectal cancer develops from polyps on the inner lining of the colon, which form blockages or obstructions as they grow. When obstruction occurs, both stool and gas start to build up in the intestine, resulting in particularly foul-smelling flatulence.

    Should your family physician suspect you have colorectal cancer, additional tests and analyses can be performed and, if necessary, you will be referred to a specialist doctor for further testing.

What happens when you try to hold in farts?

Forcibly holding in gas for a long period of time causes great pressure in the lower abdomen, which in turn causes discomfort and pain. The longer you hold the gas in, the greater the pain.

Holding in farts may eventually lead to digestive issues and, in more severe cases, to heartburn.

In extreme cases, a repeated habit of holding in gas can cause diverticulitis, i.e. inflammation and bleeding of diverticula (bulging pouches in colon).

Interesting fact: if you don’t expel gas through farting, the gas will partially be absorbed into your bloodstream and exhaled in your breath. While you won’t feel a different taste in your mouth, the exhaled gas is still the gas from your intestines.

Tips for reducing excessive flatulence

Firstly, it is important to understand that flatulence is perfectly natural. As long as you are alive, breathing and digesting food, you will experience gas.

However, if you experience excessive gas and the discomfort caused by it on a regular basis, it is worth taking steps to improve your well-being.

Below are four steps to improve your well-being daily:

  1. Take your time eating and make sure you chew slowly – that way you will swallow less air and break the food into smaller particles. Smaller pieces of food are more easily digested;

  2. Eat 80% plant-based food – only plants contain the fibre that feeds the good gut bacteria responsible for healthy digestion. To get started, you can try this challenge or use Elsavie fibre supplements that can easily be incorporated into your daily menu;

  3. Be physically active each day – the more you move, the more actively your digestive system works to pass gas and stool. Even a 15–30-minute walk each day is enough to get you started;

  4. Learn how to manage daily (work) stress – chronic stress has negative impacts on digestion and causes more gas.

    Practising yoga and mindfulness exercises, moving in nature, jogging, and engaging in creative activities are all excellent ways of reducing stress.

    However, should you feel overwhelmed with anxiety or confusion, please do not hesitate to seek help from a psychologist, psychotherapist, coach, or supervisor.
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Eesti

KĂ”hugaasid – kĂ”ik, mida sa nende kohta teadma pead

Reading Time: 4 minutes

KÔhugaasid kuuluvad iga inimese normaalse elutegevuse juurde.

Samas on nendega seotud palju hĂ€bi ja ebamugavust 😳.

See ei peaks nii olema, sest liigne piinlikkustunne takistab tÔsisemate vaevuste korral abi otsimist ja pÔhjustab tarbetut kannatamist.

Õnneks on just teadmised need, mis aitavad piinlikkust vĂ€hendada!

Et saaksid end selles teemas edaspidi mugavamalt tunda, rÀÀgime jÀrgnevalt kÔigest, mida sul on tarvis kÔhugaaside kohta teada.

Kuidas kÔhugaasid tekivad?

Sinu soolestikus tekib pĂ€eva jooksul keskmiselt 2 liitrit gaase ning sa vĂ€ljutad neid 14–20 korda.

Gaasid tekivad kahel viisil:

  1. sa neelad sĂŒĂŒes ja juues Ă”hku, mis liigub edasi soolestikku.

    Mida kiiremini sa sööd ja jood, seda enam Ă”hku endale sisse ahmid. Üleliigne Ă”hk vĂ€ljub hiljem suu kaudu ehk röhitsedes vĂ”i pĂ€raku kaudu ehk puuksutades.

    Lisaks soodustab suurema koguse Ôhu neelamist suitsetamine, kÔrre kaudu jookide joomine ja nÀtsu nÀrimine;

  2. sinu kÔhubakterid lagundavad jÀmesooles toitu, mille kÀigus eralduvad gaasid.

    Toit, mis pole su peensooles Ă€ra seedinud, liigub edasi jĂ€mesoolde, kus bakterid seda lagundama hakkavad. Lagundamise tulemusena tekivad gaasid nagu hapnik, lĂ€mmastik, vesinik, sĂŒsihappegaas ja metaan.

    Eriti tekitavad gaase sĂŒsivesikute- ja polĂŒsahhariidide rikkad toiduained nagu oalised, kapsalised, tĂ€isteratooted, puuviljad ja juurviljad.

Mis vahe on kÔhugaasidel ja kÔhupuhitusel?

Argikeeles kasutatakse sĂ”nu puhitus ja kĂ”hugaasid sĂŒnonĂŒĂŒmidena, aga tegelikult on tegu kahe erineva sĂŒmptomiga.

Puhituse all peetakse silmas ĂŒlakĂ”hus (roidekaare ja naba vahelises piirkonnas) olevat valu, punsumise/paisumise ja ebamugavuse tunnet.

Puhitus tekib hormoonidest, stressist vĂ”i soolestiku ĂŒlaosa pĂ”letikust.

KÔhugaasid on aga alakÔhu piirkonnas (nabast allpool) paiknevates sooltes olev liigne Ôhk, mis liikudes venitab ja muljub sooli ning tekitab seelÀbi teravat ja torkivat valu.

VÀljutamata jÀÀnud kÔhugaasid vÔivad tekitada ka puhitust, aga mitte vastupidi.

Miks kÔhugaasid halvasti lÔhnavad?

On huvitav fakt, et tegelikult lÔhnab halvasti ainult ca 1% kÔikidest kÔhugaasidest.

VĂ€nge lĂ”hna tekkes saab vastutavaks pidada kĂ”hubaktereid, kes toodavad toidu lagundamise kĂ€igus vÀÀvlit sisaldavaid ĂŒhendeid.

Lisaks on veel mitmeid erinevaid faktoreid, mis pÔhjustavad halvalÔhnalisi kÔhugaase:

  • kĂ”rge kiudainesisaldusega aeglaselt lagunevad vĂ”i mittelagunevad toidud.

    Kuna selliste toitude seedimine vĂ”tab kaua aega ja need pĂŒsivad soolestikus pikalt, lĂ€heb see kraam lĂ”puks kÀÀrima, mis tekitabki halba lĂ”hna.

    Paljud taimsed toidud sisaldavad ka ise vÀÀvlit, mis aitab kaasa pÔneva lÔhnabuketi tekkele.

    Mida ette vÔtta?

    Äkki hakkasid kohe liiga innukalt suurtes kogustes kiudaineid/taimi tarbima ning su kĂ”ht ei tule kohe nende seedimisega toime?

    Kui nii, siis vÀhenda koguseid eelmisele tasemele ja liigu jÀrgnevatel nÀdalatel vÀikeste sammudega uuesti suuremate koguste poole;

  • toidutalumatused.

    Kui sa oled mingi kindla toidu suhtes ĂŒlitundlik vĂ”i kui su kĂ”ht ei suuda seda ĂŒldse seedida, tekivad halvalĂ”hnalised gaasid.

    NÀiteks laktoositalumatuse korral ei seedi kÔht piimasuhkrut ehk laktoosi. Kuna seda ei lagundata, hakkavad bakterid kÔhus laktoosi kÀÀritama ja tekib halb lÔhn.

    KÔige raskem talumatuse vorm on tsöliaakia, kus kÔht ei suuda seedida gluteeni. Gluteeni tarbimisega jÀtkamine viib lÔpuks pÔletiku, soolehaavandite ning alatoitumuseni, sest hÀvinevad soolehatud, mis on vajalikud toitainete imendumiseks.

    Kui sul on pÔhjendatud kahtlus, et sind kimbutab toidutalumatus, alusta toidutalumatuse testist ning astu jÀrgmised sammud vastavalt saadud tulemustele;

  • erinevad ravimid.

    MÔned ravimid vÔivad pÔhjustada halvalÔhnalisi kÔhugaase.

    NÀiteks antibiootikumid tapavad kÔhus Àra ka head bakterid ning see aeglustab seedeprotsesse, mistÔttu kÀÀrivad toidujÀÀgid sooles pikemalt.

    Kui gaaside probleem muutub elu segavaks, konsulteeri arstiga ravimite muutmise osas, sest iseseisvalt ravikuuri pooleli jÀtmine vÔib su seisundit hoopis halvendada;

  • kĂ”hukinnisus.

    KÔhukinnisuse puhul kuhjub vÀljaheide jÀmesoolde ning seda on kuiva ja kÔva koostise tÔttu raske vÀljutada.

    Sooles seisvas kakas bakterid aina paljunevad ning nende elutegevuse tulemusena tekivad valulikud ja halvalÔhnalised gaasid.

    Ajutise meetmena aitavad kĂ€simĂŒĂŒgis olevad kĂ”hulahtistid, kuid oluline on end nende kasutamisest mitte sĂ”ltuvaks teha, sest pikas plaanis see ainult sĂŒvendab kĂ”hukinnisuse probleemi, kuna sool muutub ajapikku laisaks ja ei suuda vĂ€ljaheite massi enam ise edukalt liigutada.

    Kui kÔhukinnisus on su sage kaaslane, jÀrgi selles postituses olevaid soovitusi;

  • jĂ€mesoole vĂ€hk.

    On veel ĂŒks vĂ€ga harv, kuid siiski eksisteeriv pĂ”hjus halvalĂ”hnaliste kĂ”hugaaside tekkeks.

    JĂ€mesoole vĂ€hk areneb soole sisepinnale tekkinud polĂŒĂŒpidest, mis suuremaks kasvades pĂ”hjustavad sooleummistust. Ummistunud sooles hakkavad vĂ€ljaheide ja gaasid kogunema ning pikemal laagerdumisel tekib eriti ebameeldiva lĂ”hnaga kĂ”hutuul.

    Kui perearst peaks kahtlustama jĂ€mesoole vĂ€hi olemasolu, saab ta teha lisaanalĂŒĂŒse ja vajadusel saata sind edasisteks uuringuteks valdkonna spetsialisti juurde.

Mis juhtub, kui sa pĂŒĂŒad gaase lĂ”putult kinni hoida?

Gaaside pikemaajaline kinnihoidmine tekitab alakÔhus suurt survet ja rÔhku, mis omakorda pÔhjustab ebamugavust ning valu. Mida kauem gaase kinni hoiad, seda suuremaks valu muutub.

Gaaside kinnihoidmine vÔib lÔpuks viia seedeprobleemide ning raskemal juhul ka kÔrvetiste tekkeni.

ÄÀrmuslikul juhul vÔib esineda divertikuliiti ehk jÀmesoole vÀljasopistuste pÔletikku ning ka nende sopistuste verejooksu.

PÔnev fakt: kui sa ei vÀljuta kÔhugaase puuksutamise teel, imenduvad need osaliselt vereringesse ja vÀljuvad vÀljahingamisel. Suus sa teistsugust maitset ei tunne, aga vÀljuv gaas on sellegipoolest pÀrit soolestikust.

Kuidas liigseid kÔhugaase vÀhendada?

Oluline on mÔista, et kÔhugaasid on normaalne elu osa. Senikaua kuni sa elad, hingad ja toitu seedid, tekivad ka gaasid.

Kuid kui gaase esineb sageli ja palju, hakkavad need ĂŒhel hetkel ebamugavusi pĂ”hjustama ning sel juhul tasub astuda samme oma enesetunde parandamiseks.

Siin on 4 sammu, mida sa igapÀevaselt enda heaks teha saad:

  1. vÔta alati söömiseks eraldi aeg ja mÀlu rahulikus tempos, sest nÔnda neelad vÀhem Ôhku ja nÀrid ka toidu peenemaks. Peenemat toitu on kÔhul mÀrksa vaevatum seedida;

  2. söö 80% ulatuses taimset toitu, sest ainult taimedes on kiudained, mis on toiduks sinu seedimise korrasoleku eest vastutavatele headele soolebakteritele. Alusta nt sellest vĂ€ljakutsest vĂ”i kasuta Elsavie kiudainesegusid, mida on mugav ja kiire oma praegusesse menĂŒĂŒsse lisada;

  3. ole iga pĂ€ev fĂŒĂŒsiliselt aktiivne, sest mida enam liigud, seda aktiivsem on su soolestik gaaside ja kaka vĂ€ljutamisel. Lihtsalt jaluta igapĂ€evaselt 15–30 min, sellest alustuseks piisab;

  4. Ôpi haldama igapÀevast (töö)stressi, sest krooniline stress keerab segamini seedimise ja see vÔimendab gaaside teket.

    NÀiteks jooga, kohalolu (mindfulness) harjutuste praktiseerimine, looduses liikumine, jooksmine ja loominguliste tegevuste harrastamine on suurepÀrased maandajad.

    Kui Ă€revus ja segadus on siiski ĂŒlepea kasvamas, kĂŒsi julgelt abi psĂŒhholoogilt, psĂŒhhoterapeudilt, coachilt vĂ”i superviisorilt.